Abstract:Tourism has been noted to be one of the important sectors of the Nigerian economy. Tourism is a highly complex activity which requires tools that aid in an effective decision-making to come to terms with the competing economic, social and environmental demands of sustainable development. Geographic Information System (GIS) is one of such tools. GIS being an information system that is capable of answering questions about where facilities and resources are located represents enormous benefits to the tourism sector of any economy. The power of GIS lies not only in the ability to visualize spatial relationships, but also beyond the space to the holistic view of the world with its many interconnected components and complex relationships. The use of GIS technology could assist Bauchi State government as well as the Nigerian government with better planning of tourism infrastructure, location and dissemination of such infrastructure, production of better quality maps showing tourists sites abound in the country because of the dynamic capability of GIS tools to incorporate changes that occur over time to its database. A GIS database for tourism in Bauchi State was created using some selected roads, tourist attractions and facilities with the aid of base maps and GPS. This paper presents the significant role that GIS can play in tourism development in Bauchi State if a complete database for tourism in the State is designed and developed.

Keywords:GIS, Tourism, Bauchi, Nigeria

Abstract:The Internet of Things (IOT) is an ecosystem of connected physical objects that are accessible through the internet based on interoperable information and communication technology. In the secure communication areas, key exchange protocol is an important cryptographic technique. When two users would like to exchange a message, the transmitted message is encrypted by a session key. This session key is exchanged between two ends of the corresponding connection with the help of trusted third party protocol. This type of protocol protects message delivered between two authorized users. Even this inefficiency, unreliability, inflexibility problems of the existing protocols. Therefore, in this paper, secure multi key exchange protocol based on trusted third party is to provide users with a efficiency and secure protocol which employs Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and two dimensional operation. These protocols achieve fully mutual authentication between user and trusted server.

Keywords:Multiple key exchange, trusted third party, Elliptic curve cryptograpy.

Abstract:This paper is in reference with our previous paper entitled “Protection of Key in Private Key Cryptography” published by “International Journal of Advanced Research” in Feb 2017 edition... In this paper we have tried to devise an algorithm that would protect the key in transmission, as in the era of digitization, threats to information security instigate the concerned people to take proactive measures for communication between two communicating parties. Since our major focus is on the symmetric key cryptography, also called as private key cryptography, we have studied different techniques of securing a private key or shared key or secret key that are used to shield information in such systems. The different statistical data being published so far and recent phishing scam which plays with the information transfer by taking away the user’s identity highlights the need to make our security measures strong enough to counter such unwanted accesses. After looking into the functioning of widely accepted protocols and thinking of introducing a few changes to enhance their functionality, we here, are going to focus mainly on application of asymmetric key cryptographic algorithm named RSA algorithm. We have already referred to suggestions by means of several research papers being published so far related to our area of interest such as N-Prime RSA, magic rectangle, etc. We have tried to present a method taking one step ahead in the available sketch and without diminishing the basic essence of the algorithm. We also refer to some examples and its application as thought of in its modified form to further support our idea.

Keywords:Cryptography, Key, Private Key, Public key, Asymmetric or Public Key Cryptography, Symmetric or Private Key Cryptography

Abstract:The enhancement and the fame of cloud computing are increasing nowadays which is driving the data owners to keep their personal and professional data on public cloud servers With the help of data outsourcing the organizations can provide reliable and efficient services to their users. The other advantage of outsourcing the data over cloud servers is for high benefit and lesser cost in managing the data and the data can be accessed from anywhere and at any time. However, for privacy concerns, the data that are highly sensitive should be encrypted before outsourcing. Taking into consideration the huge amount of data users and files that are present in the cloud, it is important that multiple keywords should be allowed in the searching request and retrieve the files relevant to those keywords. There are some methods and solutions offered to provide privacy and security for the data over the cloud server. However, the data that are sensitive should be encrypted and stored before outsourcing. In this paper, a secure scheme called the enhanced multi-keyword ranked search is presented. In the proposed scheme the search takes place as content based search along with ranking. Based on the content, data is searched and retrieved and then the rank is applied. During searching, attacks might be done by SQL injection to dump the database contents by the unauthorized users or attackers. In this project SQL injection is not allowed. The SQL parameterization technique is used to prove that SQL injection is not possible

Keywords:multi-keywords ranked searching; efficient retrieval; cloud server; data outsourcing

Abstract:A wormhole assault is especially hurtful against steering in sensor systems where an assailant gets bundles at one area in the system, passages and afterward replays them at another remote area in the system. A wormhole assault can be effortlessly propelled by an aggressor without bargaining any sensor hubs. Since a large portion of the steering conventions don't have systems to shield the system against wormhole assaults, the course demand can be burrowed to the objective region by the aggressor through wormholes. Along these lines, the sensor hubs in the objective zone construct the course through the assailant. Afterward, the assailant can alter the information, messages, or specifically forward information messages to disturb the elements of the sensor arrange. In this work we show another approach to identify wormhole assaults in MANET. Our location is basic and productive. We require neither GPS gadget, nor clock synchronization which are the fundamental restrictions of the other existing arrangements. Also, our recognition can be effortlessly actualized convention or in any neighbor revelation convention for MANET. We don't present any new messages. Along these lines, the overhead of the arrangement is restricted to the additional data (timestamps) attached to the Hello messages.

Keywords:Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET), Wormhole attack, Malicious node