Date of Publication :15th June 2024

Abstract:This paper provides a comprehensive review of en-ergy optimization techniques for Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs), a crucial technology for revolutionizing healthcare monitoring. The critical issue of energy efficiency in WBSNs is addressed, as it directly impacts the sustainability and practicality of these networks. A systematic literature review is conducted, examining the interplay of low-power hardware, energy-aware routing protocols, data management techniques, and duty cycling strategies. The potential of metaheuristic algorithms in optimiz-ing WBSN energy consumption is also explored. The review highlights the importance of a multifaceted approach to energy optimization. Advancements in low-power hardware design, cou-pled with intelligent routing protocols, demonstrate significant improvements in energy efficiency. Data compression techniques and in-network processing help reduce data traffic, further enhancing network longevity. Effective duty cycling strategies are essential for balancing energy savings with responsiveness, with adaptive techniques showing particular promise. Energy optimization is an ongoing challenge for the widespread adoption of WBSNs in healthcare. This review emphasizes the intercon-nectedness of diverse strategies and identifies promising areas for future research, including the integration of novel low-power technologies, development of hybrid optimization approaches, refinement of metaheuristic algorithms for WBSN constraints, and an increased focus on energy optimization solutions with embedded security mechanisms.

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