Date of Publication :7th September 2017
Abstract: The retina is the only part of the human body where the blood circulation can be observed directly. Several systemic diseases can affect the retinal blood vessels, which makes the retinal image analysis a potential diagnostic tool, as it allows assessing vascular changes in an easy and non-invasive way. Retinal image analysis is one of the active research areas with the goal of providing computer-aided methods to help the quantification, measurement and visualization of retinal landmarks and biomarkers. In diabetic retinopathy (DR), the blood vessels often show abnormalities at early stages [1], as well as vessel diameter alterations [2]. Changes in retinal blood vessels, such as significant dilatation and elongation of main arteries, veins, and their branches [2, 3], are also frequently associated with hypertension and other cardiovascular pathologies.
Reference :
-
- Diabetes and retinopathy (eye complications), available from http://www.diabetes.org/diabetesstatistics/ eye-complications.jsp (accessed 3 Janu-ary 2008).
- Frank, R. N. Diabetic retinopathy. Prog. Retinal Eye Res., 1995, 14(2), 361–392.
- Acharya, U. R., Ng, E. Y. K., and Suri, J. S. Image modelling of human eye, 2008 (Artech House, Norwood, Massachusetts).
- Nayak, J., Bhat, P. S., Acharya, U. R., Lim, C. M., and Kagathi, M. Automated identification of dif-ferent stages of diabetic retinopathy using digital fundus images. J. Med. Systems, 2008, 32(2), 107– 115.
- Diabetic ‗retinopathy‘, available from http://www. hoptechno.com/book45.htm (accessed 17 January 2008).
- International Council of Ophthalmology, International Standards, International clinical diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale, detailed table, October 2002.
- Sinthanayothin, S., Boyce, J. F., Williamson, T. H., and Cook, H. L. Automated detection of diabetic retinopathy on digital fundus image. Int. J. Diabetic Medicine, 2002, 19, 105–112.
- M. S. Haleem, L. Han, J. van Hemert, B. Li and A. Fleming, "Retinal Area Detector From Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) Images for Diagnosing Retinal Diseases," in IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 1472-1482, July 2015.
- M. D. Abramoff, M. K. Garvin and M. Sonka, "Retinal Imaging and Image Analysis," in IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, vol. 3, no. , pp. 169-208, 2010.
- M. S. Miri and A. Mahloojifar, "Retinal Image Analysis Using Curvelet Transform and Multistructure Elements Morphology by Reconstruction," in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 1183-1192, May 2011.