Author : Imran Khan 1
Date of Publication :30th September 2020
Abstract: Head and Neck cancers are the most common type of cancer in the world and account for 6% of all tumors. Most of head and neck cancers are squamous cell carcinomas that develop in the upper throat as a result of exposure to risk factors. It usually presents itself in an advanced stage in older men. Cancer can start any place in the body. It starts when cells grow abnormally and crowd out normal cells. This makes it difficult for the body to work the way it should. The medical imaging tools play an important role in the early diagnosis of cancer. Medical imaging has emerged as a non-invasive tool for diagnosis of diseases. So it is important to identify cancer and know its stages in order to determining treatment options that may be tailored to needs. Here we are introducing hybrid image processing technique for noise reduction, segmentation and classification to detect and identify stages of cancer in head and neck.
Reference :
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- Agnes Virlics, Emotions in Economic Decision Making: a Multidisciplinary Approach, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 92 ( 2013 ) 1011 – 1015.
- Alice M. Isen, "An Influence of Positive Affect on Decision Making in Complex Situations: Theoretical Issues With Practical Implications", JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY, 11(2), 75–85, 2001.
- Alina Vulpe, Ion Dafinoiu, "Positive emotions’ influence on attitude toward change, creative thinking and their relationship with irrational thinking in romanian adolescents", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 1935 – 1941.
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- Darwin, C. (2007) [1872]. The expression of the emotions in man and animals. New York: Filiquarian. ISBN 0-8014-1990-5.
- Dispenza, Joe, (2014),"Breaking the Habbit of Beeing Yourself: How to loose Your Mind and Create a New One”, Curtea Veche Publishing, Bucharest;
- Diyi Yang, Tanmay Sinha, David Adamson, Carolyn Penstein Rose, “Turn on, Tune in, Drop out”: Anticipating student dropouts in Massive Open Online Courses, 2013
- Ekman P (1970), Universal Facial Expressions of Emotions, California Mental Health Research Digest, Vol. 8, Autumn 1970, Number
- Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
- Emily Mower, Maja J Mataric´,Shrikanth Narayanan, 2011, A Framework for Automatic Human Emotion Classification Using Emotion Profiles, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, Vol 19, No. 5, 1057-1070.
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- Emotions. (n.d.). The American Heritage® Science Dictionary. Retrieved July 12, 2015, from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/emotions
- EVANS, D., The search hypothesis of emotion in: Emotion, Evolution, and Rationality . Ed. by D.Evans & P. Cruse, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004, p. 179 – what is the first sentence of the paper.
- Forgas, Joseph P.,On mood and peculiar people: Affect and person typicality in impression formation., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 62(5), May 1992, 863-875.
- Fredrickson, B. L., Mancuso, R. A., Branigan, C., & Tugade, M. M. (2000). The Undoing Effect of Positive Emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 24(4), 237-258.
- Friedman, B.H. (2010). "Feelings and the body: The Jamesian perspective on autonomic specificity of emotion". Biological Psychology 84: 383–393. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2009.10.006.
- George Leu, Neville J. Curtis, Hussein Abbass, "Modeling and Evolving Human Behaviors and Emotions in Road Traffic Networks", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 54 ( 2012 ) 999 – 1009.
- Georgeta Pânisoara, Ion Ovidiu Pânisoara, Cristina Marina Sandu, (2015), "Comparative study on emotions analysis in students of psychology by gender", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 180 ( 2015 ) 1638 – 1642.
- Hamm, J., Kohler, C. G., Gur, R. C., Verma, R. (2011). "Automated Facial Action Coding System for dynamic analysis of facial expressions in neuropsychiatric disorders". Journal of Neuroscience Methods 200 (2): 237–256. doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.06.023. PMC 3402717. PMID 21741407.
- Hascher, Tina, (2005), Emotionen im Schulalltag: Wirkungen und Regulationsformen, in Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, Vol. 5/2005, Belz Publishing; [34]Hearst, E. (1979) The First Century of Experimental Psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
- HELLER, A. A Theory of Feelings [1979]. Lanham: Rowman & Little field Publishers, Inc.,2009, p. 1 [36]Hjortsjö, CH (1969). Man's face and mimic language
- Hockenbury, D. H. & Hockenbury, S. E. (2007). Discovering psychology. New York: Worth Publishers. [38] http://spot.colorado.edu/~hauserg/ArEmotList.htm
- http://www.humintell.com/2010/06/the-seven-basicemotions-do-you-know-them/
- Isabelle Peretz*, Lise Gagnon, Bernard Bouchard, "Music and emotion: perceptual determinants, immediacy and isolation after brain damage", Cognition 68 (1998) 111–141.
- J. Martin, R. Niewiadomski, L. Devillers, S. Buisine, and C. Pelachaud, “Multimodal complex emotions: Gesture expressivity and blended facial expressions”, Int. Humanoid Robot., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 269– 292,2006.
- Jan Treur, Arlette van Wissen, (2013), Conceptual and computational analysis of the role of emotions and social influence in learning, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 93 ( 2013 ) 449 – 467.
- Joh Muller, Elements of Physiology, Vol II, London, Printed for Taylor and Walton, 1842, referred from free ebookhttps://play.google.com/books/reader?id=_CM 9AAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader &hl=en&pg=GBS.PR27.
- Jon Elster, "Emotions and Economic Theory", Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 36, Issue1 (Mar. 1998), 47-74.
- Joseph LeDoux(2003), The Emotional Brain, Fear, and the Amygdala, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Vol. 23, Nos. 4/5, October 2003.
- Junghyun Ahn, Anna Borowiec, Kevan Buckley, Di Cai, Anna Chmiel, Agnieszka Czaplicka, Grzegorz D abrowski, Antonios Garas, David Garcia, Stéphane Gobron, Robert Hillmann, Janusz Holyst, Arvid Kappas, Dennis Küster, Marija Mitrovic, Georgios Paltoglou, Hannes Pirker, Stefan Rank, Frank Schweitzer, Julian Sienkiewicz, Marcin Skowrong, Pawel Sobkowicz, Daniel Thalmann, Mike Thelwall, Mathias Theunis, Matthias Trier, Elena Tsankova, Pawel Weronski, "CYBEREMOTIONS – Collective Emotions in Cyberspace", Procedia Computer Science 7 (2011) 221–222.
- K. M. B. Bridges, (1932). Emotional development in early infancy. Child Development, 1932, 3, 324-341. [48]K. R. Scherer, 2005 What are emotions? and how can they be measured?, Social Science Information 44 4 695729
- Kleinginna, P. R., Jr. and Kleinginna, A. M.; A categorized list of emotion definitions, with a suggestion for a consensual definition. Motivation and Emotions, 5, 345-379 (1981).
- Laura Goran, Gabriel Negoescu, "Emotions at Work. The Management of Emotions in the Act of Teaching", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 180 ( 2015 ) 1605 – 1611.
- MACMURRAY, J. Reason and Emotion, London: Faber & Faber Limited, 1935, p. 26. [52]Mark Devon, The origin of Emotions, Version 1.0, ISBN 1-4196-2745-7, Printed in Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
- Martin E. P. Seligman, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Positive Psychology:An Introduction, January 2000 ° American Psychologist, Voh 55. No. 1. 5 14 DOI: 10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.5
- Matthew Rabin, "Psychology and Economics", Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 36, No.1 (Mar. 1998), 11-46.
- Miaomiao Wen, Diyi Yang, Carolyn Penstein Rosé, "Sentiment Analysis in MOOC Discussion Forums: What does it tell us?", Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining (EDM 2014).
- Michael Bang Petersen, "Public Opinion and Evolved Heuristics: The Role of Category-Based Inference", Journal of Cognition and Culture 9 (2009) 367–389.
- Mihaela Chraif, Mihai Anitei, "Gender differences in measuring positive and negative emotions selfperception among Romanian high school students-a pilot study", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 76 ( 2013 ) 181 – 185.
- N. Sebe, I. Cohen, T. Gevers, and T. Huang, “Emotion recognition based on joint visual and audio cues”, in Proc. Int. Conf. Pattern Recognition,2006, pp. 1136–1139. [59]N.H. Frijda, "The Laws of Emotion.", American Psychologist, 43 (1988) 349-358.
- P. Ekman and W. Friesen. Facial Action Coding System: A Technique for the Measurement of Facial Movement. Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, 1978. [61]P. Greenspan, 1988 Emotions & reasons: an inquiry into emotional justification, Routledge.
- Paul Ekman, Darwin and Facial Expression: A Century of Research in Review, 2006, ISBN: 1- 883536-88-x, ISBN-13: 978-1-883536-88-6.
- Paul Ekman, Wallace V Friesen, Facial Signs of Emotional Experience, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1980, Vol 39, No. 6, 1125-1134.
- Paul Ekman, Wallace V. Friesen, and Joseph C. Hager. Facial Action Coding System: The Manual on CD ROM. A Human Face, Salt Lake City, 2002.
- Paul R. Kleinginna, Jr., and Anne M. Kleinginna, A Categorized List of Emotion Definitions, with Suggestions for a Consensual Definition, Motivation and Emotion, VoL 5, No. 4, 1981.
- Peter MacIntyre, Tammy Gregersen, Emotions that facilitate language learning: The positive-broadening power of the imagination, Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, Adam Mickiewicz University, Kalisz, SSLLT 2 (2). 193-213.
- Petros Papavasiliou, Argiro Vatakis, "Emotional responses to musical intervals with specific acoustical properties and the effect of the induced emotions in duration perception", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 126 ( 2014 ) 237 – 238.
- R. de Sousa, 2008 Emotion, in E. N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, fall 2008 edn.
- R. S. Lazarus, 1991 Emotion and Adaptation, Oxford University Press, New York.
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