Date of Publication :13th January 2018
Abstract: As a promising technology in optoelectronic integration for computing, communication, sensing, and solar harvesting, Silicon photonics has attracted tremendous attention and research effortMainly due to the combination of its excellent material properties and the complementary metal – oxide semiconductor (CMOS) manufacturing processing technologies, silicon has become the substrate option for low-cost, ultra-compact device footprint and high-density integrated photonic and optoelectronic circuits. This review paper provides an overview of silicon photonics by highlighting the early work of the mid-1980s on the fundamental building blocks such as silicon platforms and wave guides, as well as the major milestones achieved in the field so far. A summary of reported work on functional elements in both passive and active devices is identified, as well as the technology applications in interconnect, sensing, and solar cells. With the increasing requirement for bandwidth in computing and signal processing, theinherent limitations of metallic interconnection seriously threaten the future of traditional IC industries. Silicon photonics can provide a low-cost approach to overcome the bottleneck of high data-rate transmission by replacing the original integrated electronic circuits with integrated photonic circuits. Although the commercial promise has not been fulfilled, these years this perspective gives enormous impetus to the development of silicon photonics. This paper provides an overview of each component's progress and state of the art in silicon photonics, including waveguides, filters, modulators, detectors, and lasers, mainly over the past five years.
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