Date of Publication :20th June 2017
Abstract: The hydraulic train is one of the oldest mechanical equipment for lifting water designed two and a halve centuries ago. The first implementation used the water supply principle of a brasserie. A valve had to be closed manually in this system. Upgrades have very soon been modified to automatically run the system. The ram was also improved with technological advances, but electric and fuel pumps were superseded. Today, the ram is a reliable, low-care, durable alternative to motor-driven pumps. The hydraulic ram is able to pump up approximately 10 percent of the fiber energy from a driver pipe to a higher altitude. No external input of energy is needed. Since numerous studies were conducted to build hydraulic railways with autonomous valves and high water supply systems, the aim of this research was to build a reliable, low cost ram made of off - the-shelf parts available locally. Various valves on the driver pipe were tested in the laboratory at different elevations of the water column. To assess the efficiency of the ram, pumping pressure and water flow was recorded in the supply pipe. An off-stage clapper valve has been shown to be reliable and over 30 percent effective. For six weeks, the hydraulic ram worked freely and entirely independently of maintenance, which supplied the field enough water during this period with pumping efficiency of 44%.
Reference :
-
- R. S. Devendran and A. Vacca, “Optimal design of gear pumps for exhaust gas aftertreatment applications,” Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.simpat.2013.06.006
- M. A. Jiménez-Bello, F. Martínez Alzamora, V. Bou Soler, and H. J. B. Ayala, “Methodology for grouping intakes of pressurised irrigation networks into sectors to minimise energy consumption,” Biosyst. Eng., 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2009.12.014.
- M. Inthachot, S. Saehaeng, J. F. J. Max, J. Müller, and W. Spreer, “Hydraulic Ram Pumps for Irrigation in Northern Thailand,” Agric. Agric. Sci. Procedia, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.08.015.
- H. Kumar et al., “Pollution Free Design and Manufacturing of Hydraulic Ram Pump for Villages in Hill Areas,” Int. J. Mech. Eng. Res. Tech, 2016.
- W. B. Smith and C. E. Service, “Home-Made Hydraulic Ram Pump for Livestock Water,” Agric. Eng. Coop. Ext. Serv., 2017.
- R. S. Devendran and A. Vacca, “A novel design concept for variable delivery flow external gear pumps and motors,” Int. J. Fluid Power, 2014, doi: 10.1080/14399776.2014.977699
- M. Moshelion, O. Halperin, R. Wallach, R. Oren, and D. A. Way, “Role of aquaporins in determining transpiration and photosynthesis in water-stressed plants: Crop water-use efficiency, growth and yield,” Plant, Cell and Environment. 2015, doi: 10.1111/pce.12410.
- K. Osakada, K. Mori, T. Altan, and P. Groche, “Mechanical servo press technology for metal forming,” CIRP Ann. - Manuf. Technol., 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.cirp.2011.05.007.
- A. Mills, “The hydraulic ram (or impulse) pump,” Phys. Educ., 2014, doi: 10.1088/0031-9120/49/2/211.
- A. Pathak, A. Deo, S. Khune, S. Mehroliya, and M. Pawar, “Design of Hydraulic Ram Pump,” Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci. Technol., 2016.
-
- A. Ketsetzi and M. M. Capraro, “Renewable energy sources,” in A Companion to Interdisciplinary Stem Project-Based Learning: For Educators by Educators (Second Edition), 2016.
- L. E. Vieira de Souza and A. M. Gilmanova Cavalcante, “Concentrated Solar Power deployment in emerging economies: The cases of China and Brazil,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017.
- G. Xiao et al., “Recuperators for micro gas turbines: A review,” Applied Energy. 2017.
- M. Abdelaziz Mohamed and A. M. Eltamaly, “Modeling of hybrid renewable energy system,” in Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol. 121 pp. 11–21.
- R. Messenger and D. Y. Goswami, “Photovoltaics,” in Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: Handbook, Second Edition, 2015.
- J. Ma et al., “Insight of direct search methods and module-integrated algorithms for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of stand-alone photovoltaic systems,” in Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 2012, vol. 7513 LNCS, pp. 463–471.
- J. Yong, X. Xu, L. Zeng, and L. Li, “A review of low voltage DC power distribution system,” Zhongguo Dianji Gongcheng Xuebao/Proceedings Chinese Soc. Electr. Eng., vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 42–52, 2013.
- J. Bishop, Q. Dai, Y. Song, and R. L. Harne, “Resilience to Impact by Extreme Energy Absorption in Lightweight Material Inclusions Constrained Near a Critical Point,” Adv. Eng. Mater., 2016.
- V. Khare, S. Nema, and P. Baredar, “Solarwind hybrid renewable energy system: A review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016.
- V. Khare, S. Nema, and P. Baredar, “Solarwind hybrid renewable energy system: A review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016.
- International Energy Agency, “Tracking Clean Energy Progress 2013,” Technology, 2012.
- M. Farhadi and O. Mohammed, “Energy storage systems for high power applications,” in IEEE Industry Application Society - 51st Annual Meeting, IAS 2015, Conference Record, 2015.