Date of Publication :21st August 2017
Abstract: Biological and chemical species identification is fundamental to many fields of healthcare and life sciences, from disease detection and treatment to the development and screening of new drug molecules. Hence, the development of new tools that allow these organisms to be studied directly, sensitively and quickly could have a major impact on humanity. Nanowire-based devices are emerging as a powerful and general class of ultrasensitive, electrical sensors for direct biological and chemical species detection. Central to identification is the transduction of the signal associated with selective recognition of an important biological or chemical species In this diverse and interdisciplinary field of science and technology, nanostructures such as nanowires and nano-cristals offer new and sometimes interesting possibilities. The diameters of these nanostructures are comparable to the sizes of biological and chemical organisms being sensed, and thus intuitively reflect excellent primary transducers for generating signals that ultimately interface with macroscopic instruments there are special electrical and optical properties of inorganic nanowires and Nano-crystals that can be used for sensing. Together with their highly stable emission properties, the size-tunable colors of semiconductor nano-cristals open up opportunities for biological species labeling and optical-based detection that give advantages compared to traditional organic molecular colors commonly used today
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